The Hubbard Coil

[unimmortal]

When you write "turbine" do you have this analogy in mind?

Not quite Verpies. Think of the inner and outer coil as the walls, with the space in the middle as the high pressure flux zone.
With this centred on the resonator coils, I'm hoping their induced resonance will allow flux to turn and be pushed/pulled in a circle between tubes as the inner and outer oscillate.

I've already been able to physically move a coiled tube at right angles to the centre with a momentary 12V DC charge. Still working on getting them to self resonate.

[Verpies]

Think of the inner and outer coil as the walls, with the space in the middle as the high pressure flux zone.Still working on getting them to self resonate.

The definition of a "turbine" is a device that converts pressure into rotational motion.
This begs two questions: "Pressure of what ?" and "Where is the rotational motion occurring ?"

Magnetic flux can have areal density but I have never heard of magnetic flux having a pressure like a gas.  Are you sure you mean to endow flux with the property of a gas ?

Conversely,  a device that converts rotational motion into pressure is called a rotary "pump" or a "compressor".
Maybe you mean that ?

P.S.
Why won't your solid steel pipes/cores act as shorted turns ?
Are you aware of eddy current losses and ferromagnetic hysteresis losses in solid steel (slotted or not) ?  ...especially at high frequencies.

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[unimmortal]

The definition of a "turbine" is a device that converts pressure into rotational motion.
This begs two questions: "Pressure of what ?" and "Where is the rotational motion occurring ?"

Magnetic flux can have areal density but I have never heard of magnetic flux having a pressure like a gas.  Are you sure you mean to endow flux with the property of a gas ?

Conversely,  a device that converts rotational motion into pressure is called a rotary "pump" or a "compressor".
Maybe you mean that ?

i'm not big on semantics, you can call it what you want. I believe it contains aspects of a pump, compressor and turbine as you've described above.

Oscillating inner and outer coils would be the pump, those same coils in conjuntion with the self-resonating coils will then create directional pressure in the outer tubes, the compressor. And finally that pressure will force the flux to find a low pressure zone in it's neighbouring resonator coil, resulting in flux movement, or turbine action.

Without moving flux between output tubes in a 'race', I'm not seeing any other way of achieveing kilowatts of output.

P.S.
Why won't your solid steel pipes/cores act as shorted turns ?
Are you aware of eddy current losses and ferromagnetic hysteresis losses in solid steel (slotted or not) ?  ...especially at high frequencies.

I'm not saying they won't, Hubbard didn't appear to have slots cut, but appearances can be deceiving - especially looking at nothing but a commonly seen sketch of the internals. I haven't wound any slotted tubes yet to properly assess, but I am aware of the potential issue. Slotted tubes inherently hold most of the magnetic field in the gap or slot, which could be advantageous.

I am trying to keep frequencies as per Hubbards 2.8Ghz^2 sub-harmonics, these appear to be between 5-20KHz. Winding self resonant coils at these frequencies is a challenge - I've so far tried aluminium foil over the tube to increase capacitance, and I've wired a second layer with only one end connected as a 'ghost' coil.

[Verpies]

I'm not big on semantics,...

How about the concepts which they convey ?

Oscillating inner and outer coils would be the pump,

What makes them oscillate ?

...those same coils in conjunction with the self-resonating coils will then create directional pressure in the outer tubes, the compressor. And finally that pressure will force the flux to find a low pressure zone in it's neighboring resonator coil, resulting in flux movement, or turbine action.

Magnetic flux can have areal density but I have never heard of magnetic flux having a pressure like a gas. Are you sure you mean to endow flux with the property of a gas ?

Without moving flux between output tubes in a 'race', I'm not seeing any other way of achieveing kilowatts of output.

Magnetic flux always forms closed loops (a.k.a. magnetic circuits) and these flux lines cannot cross each other. Are you referring to motion within such loop or of such loop ? A crucial distinction...

I'm not saying they won't, Hubbard didn't appear to have slots cut,...

When I wrote "(slotted or not) " I was not asking whether the tubes were slotted but I was conveying that eddy current losses and ferromagnetic hysteresis losses occur in solid steel tubes whether they are slotted or not (albeit with different magnitudes).
Are you accounting for this ?

Slotted tubes inherently hold most of the magnetic field in the gap or slot, ....

Not if you are referring to straight tubes as depicted in your photos. Slotting these tubes lengthwise does NOT concentrate the magnetic field in such slots but it does interrupt major currents induced in the tubes.

Are you aware that the slots must be perpendicular to the magnetic flux in order for them to make a difference in a magnetic circuit ?
Are you aware that a current-bearing helical winding placed over a steel tube generates magnetic flux inside that winding that is parallel to the tube ?

...sub-harmonics, these appear to be between 5-20KHz.

The eddy current losses and ferromagnetic hysteresis losses in bulk steel are significant at these frequencies. At sufficient flux amplitudes these losses are dissipated as heat which is capable of melting steel.
Are you accounting for this?

I've so far tried aluminium foil over the tube to increase capacitance,...

Any increase in capacitance lowers the self-resonance frequency of LC circuits (incl. solenoidal coils with their inter-turn and inter-layer self-capacitances).
Are you accounting for this?

[unimmortal]

To be honest Verpies, I haven't accounted for anything you've stated as I'm attempting a replication. Whether it's a pump or compressor or turbine or energy magnifier doesn't concern me. But if you can point me to anyone who has attempted this i would be grateful, as to date, I haven't found a single video, photo or image that faithfully captures what Hubbard was able to create... 

Interesting that cathedrals window have the same layout as a magnetron and Hubbards Coil. All of which are used to magnify energy. 

https://www.daviddarling.info/encycloped...etron.html

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Gothic and only 6 instead of 8 outers, but you get the idea...

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[Verpies]

Whether it's a pump or compressor or turbine or energy magnifier doesn't concern me.

If it did, then you could optimize for the maximum turbine or compressor performance, e.g. you could optimize for the thing that is getting compressed / manipulated.

But if you can point me to anyone who has attempted this i would be grateful, as to date, I haven't found a single video, photo or image that faithfully captures what Hubbard was able to create... 

I haven't found one either but that does not mean that well-known phenomena stop occurring in its build.

Interesting that cathedrals window have the same layout as a magnetron and Hubbards Coil. All of which are used to magnify energy. 

I have never seen a Magnetron magnify energy. 
Magnetrons convert direct electric current to photons.  They do it by accelerating and spiraling electrons in a static magnetic field with the aid of the Lorentz force, which occurs between all moving charges and magnetic fields.
I lack experience about the energy magnification of cathedral windows but I am sure you can find people who are not limited that way.

If the device that you are replicating, has anything in common with the Magnetron then the major takeaway from this is that the thing that is being manipulated by the device are electric charge carriers (e.g. electrons, protons, ions, etc...).
When you extend the compressor analogy to this thing, then you obtain a compressor that compresses electric charges.
Radium, which is associated with the Hubbard device (and the inventor's place of employment), is a strong source of free positive ions and some free electrons (negative) that can be manipulated by Lorentz forces.

Note, that compressing electric charges is a very different operating principle from compressing the magnetic flux ...which will lead your build in an entirely different direction.

[Proby]

But if you can point me to anyone who has attempted this i would be grateful, as to date, I haven't found a single video, photo or image that faithfully captures what Hubbard was able to create... 

Unimmortal, I don't know if you have seen this old Rexresearch document from the wayback machine. The newspaper articles are familiar but the information from the Companies that tried duplicating the Hubbard Coil in the 1980's is pretty difficult to find and very interesting.

I will try to attach the PDF. If it doesn't work, the link is below:
Hubbard Coil - Wayback Machine

I hope this helps you.

[Verpies]

What immediately jumped out at me from these archived documents is that the end plates are described as made out of plywood.
Plywood has negligible magnetic permeability and marginal electric conductivity.

Also the V8 distributor for sequencing the 11.25kV DC to the 8 satellite coils was a nice touch, ...albeit slow since even with the 4:1 gear set, 4x 1000RPM ≈ 67Hz.

[unimmortal]

I will try to attach the PDF. If it doesn't work, the link is below:
Hubbard Coil - Wayback Machine

I hope this helps you.

Thanks Proby - Yeah I've read through this one too... it's the outer coil winding that is missed and that seems to be the case with most 'attempted' replications.

What immediately jumped out at me from these archived documents is that the end plates are described as made out of plywood.
Plywood has negligible magnetic permeability and marginal electric conductivity.

Yeah that struck me too. I can say that when momentarily energising the centre coil, with end plates and all tubes in position, and with the centre full of iron filings, I can almost pick mine off of the bench by the top plate.

[Verpies]

If the purpose of the device is to create a mechanical force of attraction to a ferromagnetic plate, then a strong force of attraction is an indicator of its high performance.

Shorting the air gap between the central coil and the satellite coils with high permeability material like steel, destroys the air gap and any phenomena that occur within it.
Plywood leaves the gap intact.